WaitForSingleObjectEx info Overview Group

The WaitForSingleObjectEx function returns when one of the following occurs:

The specified object is in the signaled state.
An I/O completion routine or asynchronous procedure call (APC) is queued to the thread.
The time-out interval elapses.
DWORD WaitForSingleObjectEx(

HANDLE hHandle,	// handle of object to wait for
DWORD dwMilliseconds,	// time-out interval in milliseconds
BOOL bAlertable	// return to execute I/O completion routine if TRUE
);

Parameters

hHandle: Identifies the object. For a list of the object types whose handles can be specified, see the following Remarks section.
Windows NT: The handle must have SYNCHRONIZE access. For more information, see Access Masks and Access Rights.
dwMilliseconds: Specifies the time-out interval, in milliseconds. The function returns if the interval elapses, even if the object’s state is nonsignaled and no completion routines or APCs are queued. If dwMilliseconds is zero, the function tests the object’s state and checks for queued completion routines or APCs and then returns immediately. If dwMilliseconds is INFINITE, the function’s time-out interval never elapses.
bAlertable: Specifies whether the function returns when the system queues an I/O completion routine or APC. If TRUE, the function returns and the completion routine or APC function is executed. If FALSE, the function does not return, and the completion routine or APC function is not executed.
A completion routine is queued when the ReadFileEx or WriteFileEx function in which it was specified has completed. The wait function returns and the completion routine is called only if bAlertable is TRUE, and the calling thread is the thread that initiated the read or write operation. An APC is queued when you call QueueUserAPC.

Return Values

If the function succeeds, the return value indicates the event that caused the function to return.

If the function fails, the return value is 0xFFFFFFFF. To get extended error information, call GetLastError.

The successful return value is one of the following:

Value

Meaning

WAIT_OBJECT_0

The state of the specified object is signaled.

WAIT_ABANDONED

The specified object is a mutex object that was not released by the thread that owned the mutex object before the owning thread terminated. Ownership of the mutex object is granted to the calling thread, and the mutex is set to nonsignaled.

WAIT_IO_COMPLETION

One or more I/O completion routines are queued for execution.

WAIT_TIMEOUT

The time-out interval elapsed, and the object’s state is nonsignaled.

Remarks

The WaitForSingleObjectEx function determines whether the wait criteria have been met. If the criteria have not been met, the calling thread enters an efficient wait state, consuming very little processor time while waiting for the criteria to be met.

Before returning, a wait function modifies the state of some types of synchronization objects. Modification occurs only for the object or objects whose signaled state caused the function to return. For example, the count of a semaphore object is decreased by one.

The WaitForSingleObjectEx function can wait for the following objects:

Object

Description

Change notification

The FindFirstChangeNotification function returns the handle. A change notification object’s state is signaled when a specified type of change occurs within a specified directory or directory tree.

Console input

The handle is returned by the CreateFile function when the CONIN$ value is specified, or by the GetStdHandle function. The object’s state is signaled when there is unread input in the console’s input buffer, and it is nonsignaled when the input buffer is empty.

Event

The CreateEvent or OpenEvent function returns the handle. An event object’s state is set explicitly to signaled by the SetEvent or PulseEvent function. A manual-reset event object’s state must be reset explicitly to nonsignaled by the ResetEvent function. For an auto-reset event object, the wait function resets the object’s state to nonsignaled before returning. Event objects are also used in overlapped operations, in which the state is set by the system.

Mutex

The CreateMutex or OpenMutex function returns the handle. A mutex object’s state is signaled when it is not owned by any thread. The wait function requests ownership of the mutex for the calling thread, changing the mutex’s state to nonsignaled when ownership is granted.

Process

The CreateProcess or OpenProcess function returns the handle. A process object’s state is signaled when the process terminates.

Semaphore

The CreateSemaphore or OpenSemaphore function returns the handle. A semaphore object maintains a count between zero and some maximum value. Its state is signaled when its count is greater than zero and nonsignaled when its count is zero. If the current state is signaled, the wait function decreases the count by one.

Thread

The CreateProcess, CreateThread, or CreateRemoteThread function returns the handle. A thread object’s state is signaled when the thread terminates.

Timer

The CreateWaitableTimer or OpenWaitableTimer function returns the handle. Activate the timer by calling the SetWaitableTimer function. The state of an active timer is signaled when it reaches its due time. You can deactivate the timer by calling the CancelWaitableTimer function. The state of an active timer is signaled when it reaches its due time. You can deactivate the timer by calling the CancelWaitableTimer function.

In some circumstances, you can specify a handle of a file, named pipe, or communications device as a synchronization object in lpHandles. However, their use for this purpose is discouraged.

Wait Functions and Creating Windows

You have to be careful when using the wait functions and code that directly or indirectly creates windows. If a thread creates any windows, it must process messages. Message broadcasts are sent to all windows in the system. If you have a thread that uses a wait function with no time-out interval, the system will deadlock. Two examples of code that indirectly creates windows are DDE and COM CoInitialize. Therefore, if you have a thread that creates windows, use MsgWaitForMultipleObjects or MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx, rather than WaitForSingleObjectEx.

Value	Meaning
WAIT_OBJECT_0	The state of the specified object is signaled.
WAIT_ABANDONED	The specified object is a mutex object that was not released by the thread that owned the mutex object before the owning thread terminated. Ownership of the mutex object is granted to the calling thread, and the mutex is set to nonsignaled.
WAIT_IO_COMPLETION	One or more I/O completion routines are queued for execution.
WAIT_TIMEOUT	The time-out interval elapsed, and the object’s state is nonsignaled.

Object	Description
Change notification	The FindFirstChangeNotification function returns the handle. A change notification object’s state is signaled when a specified type of change occurs within a specified directory or directory tree.
Console input	The handle is returned by the CreateFile function when the CONIN$ value is specified, or by the GetStdHandle function. The object’s state is signaled when there is unread input in the console’s input buffer, and it is nonsignaled when the input buffer is empty.
Event	The CreateEvent or OpenEvent function returns the handle. An event object’s state is set explicitly to signaled by the SetEvent or PulseEvent function. A manual-reset event object’s state must be reset explicitly to nonsignaled by the ResetEvent function. For an auto-reset event object, the wait function resets the object’s state to nonsignaled before returning. Event objects are also used in overlapped operations, in which the state is set by the system.
Mutex	The CreateMutex or OpenMutex function returns the handle. A mutex object’s state is signaled when it is not owned by any thread. The wait function requests ownership of the mutex for the calling thread, changing the mutex’s state to nonsignaled when ownership is granted.
Process	The CreateProcess or OpenProcess function returns the handle. A process object’s state is signaled when the process terminates.
Semaphore	The CreateSemaphore or OpenSemaphore function returns the handle. A semaphore object maintains a count between zero and some maximum value. Its state is signaled when its count is greater than zero and nonsignaled when its count is zero. If the current state is signaled, the wait function decreases the count by one.
Thread	The CreateProcess, CreateThread, or CreateRemoteThread function returns the handle. A thread object’s state is signaled when the thread terminates.
Timer	The CreateWaitableTimer or OpenWaitableTimer function returns the handle. Activate the timer by calling the SetWaitableTimer function. The state of an active timer is signaled when it reaches its due time. You can deactivate the timer by calling the CancelWaitableTimer function. The state of an active timer is signaled when it reaches its due time. You can deactivate the timer by calling the CancelWaitableTimer function.

WaitForSingleObjectEx info Overview Group

Parameters

Return Values

Remarks

Wait Functions and Creating Windows

See Also