Thanks, interesting. Specific electrolyte additives and temperature control in the field are critical to product longevity. Paraphrasing a new rule of use; minimise temperature while battery voltage is high. Or even simpler; minimise voltage, and minimise temperature. He describes the underlying causes and methods to test for the mechanism of degradation. Measuring the heat gain or loss during a cycle is nice. --=20 James Cameron http://quozl.netrek.org/ --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .