I absolutely agree that bad caps do not always bulge. The bulge only happens if there was a relatively sudden high pressure buildup. It is normal for the caps to very slowly leak water vapor from their electrolyte over years and this is hastened by being warm or hot. > --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .