On 08/02/17 22:06, Neil wrote: > What do you guys (in the U.S.) do about one-off prototypes which you > can't make in-house? To date I've made all my own prototypes manually, > but I've now got a board with BGA's and other very small components on > them, which I can't reliably and really would not prefer to attempt to > make here. Especially because I have limited sample parts on hand, and > beyond that would have to be a large-volume order. I was assuming it's > just a matter of having a CEM do it, but so far I'm running into issues > where they're all saying they really do one-offs, and if so, they'd make > a handful and I can use just one, but they'd have to charge me for all > that the make. Is this common? Or have I just not found the right CEM > yet? Or do all of you have in-house capability to assemble yourself? I think you need to look for providers that specialize in low volume work. Here in the UK I have successfully used the following providers for complex= boards. ASK technology Newbury Electronics LEF circuits I usually send out an email to all of them with design files attached askin= g for a quote and take whichever one looks best. Generally I have found it = best to get both fabrication and assembly done by the same provider, that w= ay they can panelize the boards in whatever way suits their assembly proces= s. Component presentation wise they don't seem too fussy. I expect they wouldn= 't like it if you gave them a bagful of tiny loose parts, but cut tape for = the small parts and whatever packaging the distributor used for the larger = parts seems fine. Even with providers that specialize in low volume work expect the price for= say ten to be only be of the order of twice the price for one. Unfortunately I don't have experience with providers in the US --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .