Okay, some updates from the weekend... I am running hardcoded peak=20 times, and hardcoded PWM duty-cycles. I'm using a 1N5822 schottky=20 directly across the solenoid here. Both the MOSFET and schottky are=20 running very cool with this arrangement. With some code tweaking, I=20 have a nice clean 4.1A peak and 1.1A hold... http://tinyurl.com/j7p75x6 http://tinyurl.com/hd2hjfz I added in inline 0.1-ohm resistor right at this solenoid to be able to=20 see the ripple during the hold phase, but the drive circuit does not use=20 this for feedback this time. I am considering adding a current-sense=20 amp at that same point, and using that for feedback, so I can=20 dynamically control the current. All because I expect that in a=20 practical circuit, variations in the +12V supply will vary the peak and=20 hold currents. There is other code and other tests I want to try, but first, there are=20 some issues. Specifically, I'm seeing what looks like ripple, but=20 there's a pattern to it. I moved the scope probe wires, and that ripple=20 changed. So I thought it must be noise being picked up in the probe=20 wires. I did add a 5.6-ohm resistor to the gate, but that did not=20 change the "ringing". See here (notice the sine-wave pattern of the=20 spikes)... http://tinyurl.com/gmd9s2b Here is Vgs at the top, and Is (voltage across 0.05-ohm resistor between=20 source and ground). Again, the sine-wave pattern of the ripple is very=20 evident, and it looks like it's around 75 Hz. I'm not aware of anything=20 else running at 75Hz on this board, and it's being powered off a +12V=20 car battery. http://tinyurl.com/jatk5oq However, I did fry 2 TC4427A's. The first I thought was during a period=20 when I did not have the +12V connection to the flyback diodes, but when=20 I fried the second one, everything was hooked up and running fine. I=20 can't help but think that this is related to the possible ringing. So=20 that brings up the snubbers. From what I know of them, snubbers should=20 be calculated based on the ringing frequency... is this so? I'll go=20 research. Cheers. --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .