I'm working on an application where contact closures will be sensed by a PIC inside a building, but the contacts are outside (perhaps tens of meters away). What sort of protection for the inputs is suggested? What sort of protection is required by regulatory standards for equipment connecting to outside wiring? The outside wiring would likely be buried, but lightning could still induce currents into buried cables. Opto couplers are one way to get the isolation, but then you have to power the LEDs with an isolated supply. Ideas? Thanks! Harold --=20 FCC Rules Updated Daily at http://www.hallikainen.com - Advertising opportunities available! Not sent from an iPhone. --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .