> Your point about an open line at high impedence makes sense. >=20 > However, as I understand it, current loop originated with teletypes. I wa= s > under the impression that the whole thing was electromechanical and the > circuit was open when the 'switch' was open. Did they have a resistor in > parallel with the switching element, or something like that? >=20 > ~ Bob Ammerman > RAm Systems That is my understanding as well, and matches with how long distance telegr= aph lines used to operate, and all microprocessor development systems that = I have come across worked the same way as well. The only time I have seen 4mA and 20mA used is analogue instrumentation loo= ps where the signal varies 4-20mA. --=20 Scanned by iCritical. --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .