The reason it > runs hot is because most cooling systems have a bypass hole so that > coolant will circulate through the engine when the thermostat is closed. > If the thermostat isn't there hot coolant is being directed right back > This differs from my understanding of its function. If the thermostat is removed i think all the flow is still via the radiator. And my experience with a removed thermostat is that it may never reach running temperature as has been mentioned. Cheers justin --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .