Few could claim to be better read than Russell. Certainly not me... :) I see no incompatibility in our respective remarks. As ever, best results were obtained by Experten. Hence the Pathfinders, mentioned by Alan. Oboe was indeed a game changer, and to a lesser extent, H2S, which could allow target acquisition through solid overcast. Bald statements like "CEP of 5 miles", while factual, subsume among other things generally awful flying conditions, the long and painful learning curve of those who were, we remember, inventing air warfare as they went, and until almost the end, a tenacious air defence of the Reich. The Air Forces did their best, and it was good enough. Barely, some will add... --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .