Checks - [OT]? Yep! Good ... > You are right, I just assumed (I don't know why) that the average mind ca= n > find out answers of "When", "Where" and "What" from answers of "How" and > "Why". FWIW I wot that the average mind does "what" very poorly at all and the highly capable mind does it with great complexity - but decreasing certainty of result. "The philosophy of Science" is a discipline that most have not heard of, and which sounds like a joke to many. TPoS takes even the apparently simplest of questions, descriptions,observations and statements and seeks to understand what is really meant, while weaving increasingly complex webs of uncertainty as they progress. That may sound like a dismissive rejection of the validity of the discipline, but in fact both probably is a reasonable obligation and is more a wrty shaking of the head over the Pandora's box that reality turns out to be. Why are some roses red? What is the speed of light (good luck with that one) If a tree falls in a forest ... Some very great minds indeed have set out along the 'simple' path of Science, discovered the PoS branching and been lost in a lifetime's joyful meanderings, such that we all have a much better understanding of their chosen subject, but no increasingly less. _____________________ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_science The philosophy of science is concerned with all the assumptions, foundations,methods, implications of science, and with the use and merit of science. This discipline sometimes overlaps metaphysics, ontology and epistemology, viz., when it explores whether scientific results comprise a study of truth. In addition to these central problems of science as a whole, many philosophers of science consider problems that apply to particular sciences (e.g. philosophy of biology or philosophy of physics). Some philosophers of science also use contemporary results in science to reach conclusions about philosophy. Philosophy of science has historically been met with mixed response from the scientific community. Though scientists often contribute to the field, many prominent scientists have felt that the practical effect on their work is limited. ____________________ PhilSci: http://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/journals/journal/phos.html PoS Journal. Since 1934. http://journal.philsci.org/ http://www.philsci.org/ PoS association http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/ Archive ______________ http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/philosophy Berkley. How Science really works. Right. http://www.thebsps.org/ British Society for the PoS http://www.pitt.edu/~pittcntr/ Pitt http://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_science https://www.google.co.nz/search?biw=3D2560&bih=3D1441&q=3Dphilosophy+of+sci= ence+stanford&revid=3D1311015707&sa=3DX&psj=3D1&ei=3Dbt42UrncL4qFiAfHm4CwBg= &ved=3D0CIoBENUCKAA#psj=3D1&q=3D%22philosophy+of+science%22 Google. http://philosophy.wisc.edu/forster/520/Chapter%201.pdf Claims to be an intro. May be special pleading in drag. (Only a vv fast skim) ___________________________________ Tree in Quad: There once was a man who said: "God Must think it exceedingly odd If he finds that this tree Continues to be When there's no one about in the Quad." Langford Reed, The Complete Limerick Book (1924) The topic of this limerick and the following one is George Berkeley's philosophical principle, "To be is to be perceived". Dear Sir, Your astonishment's odd; I am always about in the Quad; And that's why the tree Will continue to be, Since observed by Yours faithfully, God. Langford Reed, The Complete Limerick Book (1924) Although this reply is anonymous, it is usually also attributed to Knox. (See, for example, a Guardian editorial for 3 September 2010.) Given the supposedly divine provenance of the limerick, the lack of a human author would appear to be part of the joke. _________________ No, Agh!. Agh No! No no Agh. http://www.philosophyideas.com/files/other/Philosophical%20Limericks.p= df ___________ Agh, R --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .