Hello! An ECU uses some PIC analog pins to connect to external sensors that return 0 .. 3.3V analog signal, like e.g. a TPS. 0603 10uF 6.3V capacitor in parallel to the PIC input, to smooth things out. Now I wonder if a zener is necessary too, to protect from ESD. OK, they won't harm. But are they really necessary in your opinion? PCB's are already made and space is little, more hand work is non desiderable etc.. so if they are really useful OK, else why add them.. Thanks, Mario --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .