My friend Ken Mardle (not a PICList member) makes the following good points= .. A decent MPPT unit probably needs to be electrically "quieter" than many other SMPS units around the home because it will often have a long "aerial" on its input or output or both (depending on where it is sited relative to the PV panels and batteries). For a buck converter the input is generally noiser than the output - so there is greater potential for radiated noise if the MPPT unit is located remotely from the panels. In that case a properly designed EMI filter located at the input to the MPPT should help mitigate any problems. The output can also be noisy though - especially if the flywheel diode is poorly chosen (and the problem can be made much worse by poor PCB layout). Again, a properly designed EMI filter should help mitigate the problem. Problems can also occur with inadvertent ground loops - such as can occur if the panels are say grounded to a roof structure and the output of the MMPT is grounded to some other point. Ideally there should only be a single ground point in the system. Russell --=20 http://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .