> However, I would like to amplify the output of the 5 bit DAC > of a PIC microcontroller (PIC18F46k22) to drive a small speaker. Speaker needs to be in collector circuit to amplify voltage. When in emitter you get current gain =3D buffer. That MAY be what you wanted deep-ending on DAC output. In your circuit it's not getting to the linear[tm] region that is sought so much as to get enough current to allow enough power to get enough audio. Base bias must set DC point for speaker which is ~~ 0.6V lower than Vbase. A 10k pot Vcc-gnd with base on wiper will teach you much. Put say 1K on Vcc end of pot in series to stop magic smoke escaping from transistor. ______________ Crude common collector. May even work. C1 100 uF C2 100 uF R1 Hasta la Resista? R2 27 Ohms R3 39K R4 12K DAC C1A C1B Q1B Q1E R2A R2B GND Q1E C2A C2A GND VCC SPKRA SKRB Q1C VCC R3A R3B Q1B Q1B R4A R4B GND Smaller R2 =3D Re =3D more current. Smaller R3 =3D larger base voltage =3D more current. Will need to play for Max Headroom [tm] ~~~ 20 mA as specified above. E&OE. R --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .