>> So the question is this: What LED would you use to get the > most noticeable indication from 5 volts through a 4K7? I bought a bag of HLMP1385 many years ago. 3mm diffused red that are more than OK as indicators at 1mA Although they're obsolete-ish, Digikey and Mouser still list them, as High Efficiency, and I can vouch for that. Would be surprised if something similar isn't now available from HP, Kingbright etc Maybe search for Efficiency rather than Brightness As noted, considering the Vf of the diode, you would be able to get closer to the pin current limit with a smaller resistor (3k6 ?) whilst delivering more current to the LED Joe --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .