Electron writes: > Won't the return currents cause ionization in the terrain, etc.. possibil= y > with biological implications? I just red the pdf on the link and it did say that the return currents were around 1200 meters down. I know that alternating current is successfully used in meggers which are magneto-based ohm meters for measuring soil conductivity. I don't know what would happen over a long period of current flow but as long as there is not a DC component, the continuous reversal seems to prevent ionization. Neon and fluorescent lamps last much longer running on AC than they do on DC. Also, some en clinometers use an electrolyte in a sealed tube and they can be damaged by DC but work fine on AC. Martin McCormick WB5AGZ --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .