At 03:54 PM 2/12/2012, John Gardner wrote:
>If I select "Errorrs, Warnings, & Messages" in <Build Options>
>I often get messages like this one after changing the Bank Select
>bits  -  In this case changed from Bank0 to Bank1 the previous
>instruction...
>
>Message[302] C:\ASM\BOO.ASM 89 : Register in operand not in bank 0.
>Ensure that bank bits are correct.
>
>Messages, not warnings or errors. And the bank settings are in fact correc=
t,
>according to the disassembly listing.
>
>Anyone know why this happens?

Yep.  And its easy to fix.

The problem is that you have manually changed the bank bits yourself=20
but MPLAB doesn't know that.  So: it sees that you are addressing a=20
RAM location that is not in bank 0.

Andrew Warren came up with some simple macros many, many years ago=20
that I still use.  I'll post them below.

You could also use Olin Lathrop's build environment with does=20
something similar to Andy's macros.  Olin's environment, though, is=20
sort of a 'All or nothing' solution - it looks to be somewhat painful=20
to use only portions of his environment.  That said: lots of people=20
DO use Olin's environment and like it a lot.

My version of Andrew Warren's bank macros.  These are known to work=20
with 12-bit and 14-bit PICs (10f, 12f, 16f).  YMMV

Notice that I preface all bits with a leading underscore (_T0IF).  I=20
have also created custom versions of Microchip's include files that=20
combine the register name and bit names into single entities:

; INTCON Register Bits          page 0
     #define _RBIF   INTCON,0    ; RB port changed interrupt flag    rst in=
 sw
     #define _INTF   INTCON,1    ; RB0 INT interrupt flag            rst in=
 sw
     #define _T0IF   INTCON,2    ; TMR0 overflow int flag            rst in=
 sw
     #define _RBIE   INTCON,3    ; RBIF interrupt enable             active=
 hi
     #define _INTE   INTCON,4    ; INTF interrupt enable             active=
 hi
     #define _T0IE   INTCON,5    ; TMR0 interrupt enable             active=
 hi
     #define _PEIE   INTCON,6    ; Peripheral Interrupt Enable       active=
 hi
     #define _GIE    INTCON,7    ; global interrupt enable           active=
 hi

These allow me to reference any bit by its bit name rather than=20
having to remember which register any particular bit belongs to.


The macros themselves:

     #define BB1(reg,bit) (reg^0x80),(bit)   ;bit in bank 1
     #define RB1(reg) (reg^0x80)             ;reg in bank 1
     #define BB2(reg,bit) (reg),(bit)        ;bit in bank 2
     #define RB2(reg) (reg)                  ;reg in bank 2
     #define BB3(reg,bit) (reg^0x80),(bit)   ;bit in bank 3
     #define RB3(reg) (reg^0x80)             ;reg in bank 3
;usage is:  bcf     BB1(_SOMEBIT)
;usage is:  movwf   RB1(SOMEREG)

     #define BNUM(reg,bit) (bit)        ;bit number within reg
     #define BIT(reg,bit) 1<<(bit)      ;bit within reg
     #define MASK(reg,bit) ~(1<<(bit))  ;bit mask within reg
     #define REG(reg,bit) (reg)         ;reg
;usage is:  movlw   BIT(_SOMEBIT)
;           do something
;           movwf   REG(_SOMEBIT)


What the BB1, RB1 macros do is 'flip' the MSB of the address.  This=20
has 2 possible outcomes:

1) the RAM register really is in bank 1.  The macro inverts the MSB,=20
which makes the assembler think that its in bank 0.  The assembler is=20
happy, the program is happy (provided that you actually DID set the=20
bank bits properly), you are happy.

2) the RAM register is in bank 0 or 2 and you mistakenly used the=20
macro with it.  The assembler complains and you go look to see what=20
the problem is.

The other macros (BNUM, BIT, MASK, REG) allow easy manipulation of=20
individual bits or registers.


I personally leave all warnings turned ON except for number 224 (and=20
I don't even remember what that one is for).  I get clean compiles on=20
all of my programs - if any message shows up in the error log, I go=20
find and fix it before I looking for any other problems.

These error messages have been a huge time saver for me - they help=20
stop simple errors for taking a long time to find and fix.  Andy's=20
macros help make that fast and easy.

dwayne

--=20
Dwayne Reid   <dwayner@planet.eon.net>
Trinity Electronics Systems Ltd    Edmonton, AB, CANADA
(780) 489-3199 voice          (780) 487-6397 fax
www.trinity-electronics.com
Custom Electronics Design and Manufacturing

--=20
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