> ...You think that's not where it got the name, don't you, don't you ??? > > No clue, Comrade Administrator. Do enlighten us... =A0;) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_china Bone china is a type of soft-paste porcelain that is composed of bone ash, feldspathic material and kaolin. It has been defined as ware with a translucent body containing a minimum of 30% of phosphate derived from animal bone and calculated calcium phosphate[1]. Developed by English potter Josiah Spode, bone china is known for its high levels of whiteness and translucency[2], and very high mechanical strength and chip resistance .... The first development of what would become known as bone china was made by Thomas Frye at his Bow porcelain factory near Bow in East London in 1748. His factory was located very close to the cattle markets and slaughterhouses of Essex, and hence easy access to animal bones. Frye used up to 45% bone ash in his formulation to create what he called =91fine porcelain.=92 Although in quality it rivalled porcelain imported from Europe and China the factory was not a commercial success .... The production of bone china is similar to porcelain, except more care is needed because of its lower plasticity and a narrower vitrification range. The traditional formulation for bone china is about 25% kaolin, 25% Cornish stone and 50% bone ash.[10] The bone ash that is used in bone china is made from cattle bones that have a lower iron content. These bones are crushed before being degelatinised and then calcined at up to 1250=B0C to produce bone ash[11]. The ash is milled to a fine particle size[12]. The kaolin component of the body is needed to give the unfired body plasticity which allows articles to be shaped.[13] This mixture is then fired at around 1200=B0C[14]. The raw materials for bone china are comparatively expensive, and the production is labour-intensive, which is why bone china maintains a luxury status and high pricing. Cattle, they say. ____________ http://www.howstuffworks.com/lenox.htm --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .