In "real" circuits, too small an Rgate increases losses due to switching times being too fast. You wish :-). Most transistors have a pulse current rating well in excess of Icontinuous_max and can stand drive current peaks in excess of their avrage ratings. I consider that gate-source reverse zener at FET is a near necessity - especially if enthusiastic inductive loads exist. I always use a zener here. You may need one zener across R1 and a second one at FET as above with slightly greater voltage than one across R1. Done wrong driver will fight gate zener. Gate zener alone makes it likely that driver will fight gate zener. Across r1 alone provides little protection against Miller effect couplings to gate - more so if Rgate is non-zero. Alternative is zener across R1 and small reverse Schottky physically at FET. This does NOT prevent Vgate rising too high but prevents parasitic oscillations that may cause problems. Russell --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .