I need to switch a number of solenoids from a PIC, and the solenoids =20 will be normally-off unless told otherwise. I'm considering on-board =20 relays vs. MOSFETs. MOSFETs would be nicer due to the smaller space =20 requirement, but I understand that in case of failure, MOSFETs usually =20 fail closed whereas relays usually fail open (unless contacts get =20 welded, etc). How true is this? I'd think perhaps I can come up with some arrangement of two MOSFETs =20 in series to drive each solenoid (for much higher reliability), but =20 that drives cost up noticeably, and then I'm not sure there'd be any =20 space benefits. Are there any special MOSFETs that are different in this respect? Thanks, -Neil. --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .