>=A0If > there isn't a nice path for it, it will make one. =A0That means the volta= ge > goes up until something arcs, smokes, punches thru, or otherwise gives up > and allows the current to flow. Consistent with that, (ie Olin and I are in agreement :-) ) do understand the "special case" that I mentioned where you drive one or other end of a centre tapped stepper motor winding and the other end of the winding rises to 2 x Vdrive. You may still need to deal with the stored inductive energy * but you must not clamp it to less than 2 x Vdrive or interesting things will happen (Ask me how I know :-) ). This is not what happens with most motor drive situations, but this sort of stepper motor is common enough that some people will encounter this sooner or later. * Nominally the open winding is hard coupled to the driven winding, but Occam says that leakage inductance and Murphy mean that some sort of clamp makes sense. Russell --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .