> > would like Olin to refrain from responding to any of my emails. > Well, actually his reply contained a gem of information that tells you > what is very likely happening. If you haven't got a DVM out yet to see > if what he suggested isn't happening then shame on you. 1. I'd suggest (and did suggest) an oscilloscope rather than a DVM, as DVM's can easily fool you substantially when measuring high mark-space signals. In this case, if the 'flasher' was operating with a sudden discharge of the LED and a slower charge then a DVM may not be able to detect the presence of the pulse. An apparent DC value somewhat less than supply, which may LOOK like a turned on SCR, MIGHT be a suitable mark-space signal. Murphy is good at doing this. 2. Olin's technical advice is correct and or good enough the large majority of the time. Alas, it tends to get buried in it's own noise in many people's perceptions. And, the perceptions of the recipient are highly relevant when the intention is to inform or correct. If the intention is to beat and harass a different set of perceptions are targeted, but presumably that's not the case here. No? eg in this case he criticised the reference that the OP had provided to his circuit. The page accessed contained two subpages, with titles that would have made it extremely clear, to 95%+ of people following the link, what they were about. The page could have been prettily formatted with an html file rather than just being a directory display, it could have had a border of pretty blue flowers, and it could have had hand holding text explaining what the obvious-to-most names were about. Or, the two diagrams could have been on the same page rather than on two sub pages. The OP noted in response that he had used the two sub page format in an attempt to address prior criticism. (I know not from whence the prior criticism came, but there's a fair probability that the obvious guess would be correct - the wind does not have to always blow from the same direction and often enough doesn't - approved and unapproved answers may well swap on subsequent occasions.) If education in everything going, with bluntness or more, were replaced by tackling the key issue, then mayhaps the main message may better get through. Russell --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .