On 8/14/2010 5:35 PM, Olin Lathrop wrote: > I was trying to point out that sometimes you can make a "better" filter by using more lighter filters in series than one heavy one. This debate between Dave and Olin highlights the difficulty in defining and describing system requirements. While I realize it's way beyond the scope of the original poster's question, others may recognize that this discussion is broaching along the area of maximum likelihood estimators. Dan Simon's book 'Optimal State Estimation' covers this area well. Relative adjectives like "better" can be turned into objective statistical statements once the system requirements and the signal and noise properties have been defined. Richard Hamming's 'Digital Filters' book is an informative and very easy to read book which I highly recommend. His approach to finding the frequency response of a digital filter is very intuitive and I still prefer to use it in many cases instead of Z-transforms. While some sections are advanced, I think the original poster would gain a lot by reading it. In addition, Hamming's 'Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers' has a few chapters on digital filters too. In particular, there's a section describing the frequency response of integration formulas like Simpsons Rule that I found very interesting (and useful!). Scott --=20 http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist .