> ... part of the proper pre-flight inspection is before first > flight of the day, or after refueling, to drain a small amount of fuel > into a transparent cup, and check the color, presence of debris or > water. I saw a light aircraft with 4 people aboard climb off a seaside airstrip over trees and then start behaving "very unusually". Turned out to have had engine trouble due to water in fuel. Banked hard to try to return to strip but didn't have enough height and instead descended into the harbour beyond. Injuries but nobody killed. Verdict was water in the fuel due AFAIR to leakage into a storage drum from an improperly sealed lid. Would be interesting to know how much checking was done, what level of checking would have saved him and how the fuel drum leakage was able to happen at all. Pauanui rule 4.4 probably is based on that incident - " ... turn early after takeoff and WEAR life preservers ..." ( http://bit.ly/PauanuiAirstrip ) Russell -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist