Michael Watterson wrote: > But I'd mentally think of that as a comparator, implementing a Schmitt > trigger. Right. That's the point. Too many EE candidates apply the linear circuit rules without thinking whether they actually have a linear circuit. Even worse, some don't realize that their rule only applies to a limited set of circuits and just blindly follow the inapplicable rule. > An op-amp is only an op-amp if it has predominantly negative feedback > that gives a closed loop gain a tiny fraction of open loop gain. No, that's just one way to use a opamp. A opamp is merely a circuit building block that (in the ideal case) does: Out = Gain(PosIn - NegIn) The rest is how you use that basic capability within your circuit. The basic opamp building block, however, remains just that. It works the same way regardless how the external circuit utilizes its capabilities. ******************************************************************** Embed Inc, Littleton Massachusetts, http://www.embedinc.com/products (978) 742-9014. Gold level PIC consultants since 2000. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist