Dario Greggio wrote: > Still, using some "large" resistors (or the large capacitor) > is not that smaller (and maybe cheaper) than the transformer. The resistors are not necessarily large. VOD223T - high current transfer ratio (CTR) optocoupler would start working with LED current as low as 0.1 mA, I'm almost sure. It should be easy to achieve that 0.1 mA change on VOD223T at, say, 10 mA combined peak current of the circuit. 10 mA would mean 3 W peak power dissipation. The fact that it's sine cuts the power twice, and we use only half the wave, this would cut twice the power dissipation again. 3 W / 4 = 0.75 W per 4 components would demand 0.25 resistors, and you could try 5 mA combined current, not 10 mA. Thanks for the opportunity to have some fun. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist