> 2) There is a tendency for utility companies to start checking the power > factor of residential users (in EU they already do), If you mean "there is at least one location in the EC where they do" I can't disprove that, but in my country (netherlands, still in the EC last time I checked) they certainly don't. I pay for real power only. Sidenote: Elektor magazine showed some voltage/currents plots for LED bulbs. Looked very worrying, not just a phase shift but huge current pulses during just a few percent of the phase. -- Wouter van Ooijen -- ------------------------------------------- Van Ooijen Technische Informatica: www.voti.nl consultancy, development, PICmicro products docent Hogeschool van Utrecht: www.voti.nl/hvu -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist