>I agree. But my question was why the TTL 'version' >of RS232 (the interface between a UART and the >driver) is inverted I suspect the 'logic high = 0' is related to open collector busses being commonly used in early TTL before the tri-state devices made their mark on the world. This would allow multiple methods of driving the output from a UART block made from low integration TTL chips, such as using a seperate output buffer to set a 'break' condition. The resultant signal polarity would then have required inverting buffers to drive the standard TTY type interface devices commonly used for I/O, so the 1488/1489 chips became very common. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist