On Nov 14, 2009, at 6:01 AM, Wouter van Ooijen wrote: > my question was why the TTL 'version' of RS232 (the > interface between a UART and the driver) is inverted wrt. the RS232, > which requires the driver (besides shifting the level) to invert. Was > the inverting driver first and did the UARTs follow, or was it the > other > way round? IIRC, rs232 is carefully defined in terms of "mark" and "space" signal states corresponding to 1 and 0 (except that I'm not sure that the 1- >mark mapping was in the original spec), so matching up with the TTL states for 1 and 0 might have been a logical process. On the other hand, I think rs232 drivers pre-dated the LSI logic of the first UARTs, so maybe not. Remember that before TTL and its associated "near the power rail" logic states became the "clear winner", logic states were not always so obvious (ECL with it's -5.2V supply comes to mind.) BillW -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist