Olin wrote: > That's right, if each "controller" is truly a separate bus and not weasel > wording when they really implemented a hub. I think on most motherboards > there are combinations of independent controllers and ports that are on > the > same bus by being implemented as a hub from one of the true controllers. > You'd have to consult the motherboard documentation to figure out which > ports are really separate from which other ports. It is very unlikely > that > all are separate from each other. Actually, the device manager in windows will show you the 'tree structure' of all your USB ports and hubs. Just use the "Devices By Connection" option on the "View" menu. You simply plug a device sequentially into all the ports on your computer and see where it shows up in the tree. For example, using this on my Dell Inspiron 1720 laptop I discovered that the four ports on the right hand side were all on the same internal hub along with the webcam integrated into the laptop. The single port on the left hand side is on its own separate controller. This information is useful to me because now I can get better performance when using multiple external hard drives by not plugging them both in the right side connectors. -- Bob Ammerman RAm Systems -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist