Reply embedded. Jan-Erik Soderholm wrote: > > Dr Skip wrote: > > And with some resistor between the I/O pin and the base ? Not that I've seen on other designs, but may be a good idea? OK, pull up, pull down, or series. Which and why? > What values of that (the base) resistor and of the pullup ? My first thoughts were 10k for pullup. Advice? > What kind of transistor ? Bipolar och mosfet ? It has a base - bipolar. For discussion though, the only reason they are there are to firmly demonstrate that these have no other outputs or drives on the port pins. > No, not in theory. But you could be hit by the > read-modify-write problem. There are both timing > issues (how fast after setting pin 3 and 4 are the > other pins set/cleared?) and configuration issues > (such as not shut off analog pin funtions). I can see the initial timing one, but are you saying that if bits 0 and 1 (let's say) are set to be analog inputs, that it changes the stability of bits 3 and 4 in this example? > > But, not as "glitches" but more likely as permament changes > of pin 3 and 4 (until they're set back to whatever they > should be by some other code). Under what conditions, other than the initial setting as you mentioned? > > And again, are you actualy seeing something that > makes you ask ? Or is it just in general ? I have a design that has additional hardware that is edge triggered and connected to the pic output on a few bits of a port. Triggering when it isn't supposed to, is in a momentary blip, while other pins are changing would be bad. It's better to know if that's even a possibility before designing, than to assume it "shouldn't" and going nuts when all sorts of unexplained triggering happens. The very fast blips are the hardest to find too... ;) -Skip -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist