Minimal wages are a necessary evil in countries where the free market (aka the invisible hand) does not work, for whatever reason. Communist and Capitalist countries both need it. If the invisible hand would be left alone then minimal wage laws would not be needed. If the invisible hand cannot work, for example because the borders are closed (inwards and/or outwards), or because there are restrictive union or other trade association laws, and the workforce cannot migrate (or organize, when it is pushed too far) legally, then the minimum wage law is needed to prevent slavery-like conditions, and labor wage dumping. It is probably not an accident that there are no minimum wage laws in most advanced countries where the freedom to migrate and to organize is taken for granted. They are not needed. Peter -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist