So let's say I use three AA batteries instead of two, giving me 4.5 V. I can put the 4.5 V straight into the PIC without a problem. Should I use the 4.5 V to power the driver chips? As people have already mentioned, the driver chips I'm using have darlingtons inside them, so I'm wasting power. Would I be better to replace the driver chips with individual transistors? If so can someone suggest suitable through-hole transistors to use? MOSFET's maybe? Or perhaps is there a driver chip out there that doesn't waste so much power? Does anyone know approximate average values for the milliampere hours of AA and AAA batteries? I've looked at a few datasheets but strangely most of them don't mention it... and for the few that do mention it, there seems to be massive variation (e.g. from 500 mAh to 2.7 Ah). I went to the Duracell website (they're a popular brand of battery in my country) and I still couldn't find out what the capacity was of their AA and AAA batteries. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist