Xiaofan Chen wrote: > Typically Buck Converter works better when duty ratio is > between 0.2 to 0.8 (or 0.1 to 0.9). The efficiency will get > worse when the duty ratio is above 0.9 or below 0.1. There is nothing in basic physics that says this needs to be true, which is why it isn't. This may be true for some types of converters with particular properties, but to say this broadly applies is just wrong. ******************************************************************** Embed Inc, Littleton Massachusetts, http://www.embedinc.com/products (978) 742-9014. Gold level PIC consultants since 2000. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist