At 05:37 PM 6/11/2008, you wrote: >Bob Blick wrote: > > On old 16C parts you do it with RA4 because the old process could > > tolerate the voltage. But you'll need to use an extra transistor to > > level shift. Attached is an example. > >You can simplify this by moving R1 to the emitter of Q1 and losing R3 >altogether. Sure, at the expense of greatly increasing the Pd of Q1 and exposing the PIC to damage from transients on the +12V power rail. Also, although I wouldn't too much worry about it for a hobby design, and probably Rds(on) of the p-channel in the PIC will suffice, but this seminar explains how a simple emitter-follower can turn into a Colpitts oscillator if the gods of poles and zeros don't smile upon you (and, as they point out, there's never a guaranteed *maximum* ft) http://ee.eng.usf.edu/gradcourses/wireless-seminar/sp05/abrahams-1-26-05-pres.pdf >Best regards, Spehro Pefhany --"it's the network..." "The Journey is the reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist