I also have the pinout problem sometimes. I use two solutions: for large qty and
board design, get the datasheet. For one offs, often from the junkbox, *always*
check with a DVM that has a transistor testing socket. The transistor cannot be
destroyed by putting it in backwards in a transistor tester and you also get a
true reading of beta as a bonus. Beta under 5 means it's in backwards. Normal
readings are >50 and can reach hundreds. A DVM with transistor test starts from
about $15. Finally: there are TO92 parts with the same part number, from
different manufacturers, with *different* pinouts (e.g. normal BC547 with
injected epoxy body, and ultra cheap BC547 with 'filled' body). *Never* trust
the datasheet, always check the actual parts to be used, especially before
sending out the board design ...

Peter


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