> Whether or not solar panel production uses more energy > than the panels will > produce, the panels certainly allow the transfer of > industries cheaper > energy prices over to residential customers who typically > get paid for the > solar generated power at the residential rate. If you > where only paid the > industrial rate for the power you generate would the > payback period exceed > the life span? When the arguments get down to such fine hair splitting as to which energy pricing is being used the argument is lost, or muddied to the extent that it will provide endless hours of fun without productive outcome. Possibly useful is to deal in kWh, and that's what people generally do in studies. If they get close enough you can then fight over realistic energy sources and costs. If you want to us lowest known power prices to deny the arrival of solar as a serious technology then you should use the cost of electrical energy to an aluminium smelter as your yardstick. I believe that it is in the 1 to 2 cent or thereabouts range per kWh but prices are always said to be "commercially sensitive" and not disclosed. That's another way of saying that the peasants will rise up and lynch the government em masse if they find out how much Manapouri power station electricity is being sold to furriners for. Solar is obviously sensible [tm]. ie it is knocking on the door now with technology that is simple enough to make and leave in the sun for 20 years. What goes wrong is often the glue they use to glue the solar cells to the glass. You can be sure people are working on improving that. And sheet amorphous in football field, or house roof, lengths is available now and will become increasingly now. In Ring-World our heroes laid out black "cloth" and connected wires to gather 'solar' energy. I remember thinking it was a slight reach even in those circumstances. I have long since realised that it was well within the expectable capabilities of the situation. They also carried full oxygen sets which allowed breathing in any degree of contamination. Louis noted that he had brought them only because they crumpled (folded?) up in a pocket and took no room and weight so he thought he may as well take them. I'll be looking for a few of those after they start delivering 25% roll out solar cloth at $10/kW. Russell -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist