Interesting looking article on how to check individual cells in a battery stack for condition. Written by a couple of guys from Linear Technology. I suspect that given a little time there will be some specialised chips for doing this in electric cars and the like. http://www.edn.com/contents/images/6515356.pdf -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist