Dwayne Reid wrote: > Because the diode is now in series with the LED, the diode has to be > rated for the peak line voltage (plus safety margin). The 75V PRV > rating of a 1N914 is no longer sufficient in this configuration. What guarantees here that the reverse voltage is only (mainly) at the diode and not at the LED? They are both in reverse during the reverse cycle. The purpose of the anti-parallel diode is to guarantee that the reverse voltage at the LED remains low. You can use both diodes (series and anti-parallel)... Gerhard -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist