The rule of thumb is to put a convection heater under the largest heat leak/cooled surface. Simple logic shows that this can lead to zero convection from the cold source with minimal heat input. Therefore that's the most efficient place to put the heater. Comfort is another thing. For confort there will be additional smaller heaters in the room if it is large. Typically a steam pipe or hot water running at the base (again) of the walls around the room/hall. But without canceling the cold convection from the major heat leaks there will always be a cold 'draft' somewhere. Peter P. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist