I have been trying to understand the theory of why my buzzer is not working as it is suppose to be*at least to my understanding*. I managed to salvage a buzzer from a PC. It looks some thing like this. http://www.rdiusa.com/products/Audio/DMT-12%20Srs.html On the component it does not state the manufacturer so I was left to identify the type of buzzer. Magnetic or piezo. I applied the buzzer leads across the PIC i/o pins PORTA 0 and ground. I checked the current consumption during Q and it was draining about 32mA. That was when I concluded that it was a magnetic buzzer like the link above due to the coil. I measured the resistance of the buzzer which was 15 ohms. Now I pulse my i/o pin and there was no audible sound. When I place a resistor in series with the buzzer I can hear an audible sound from the buzzer. Now comes the question. Why do I need a resistor in series? It is due to the time constant of the coil that I need to reduce it? t = L/R? Currently it does not make sense here. Can anyone help me understand the theory behind this? Thanks, John ____________________________________________________________________________________ It's here! Your new message! Get new email alerts with the free Yahoo! Toolbar. http://tools.search.yahoo.com/toolbar/features/mail/ -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist