Yesterday showed that there are electronics beginners that would like to learn by analysing circuits, and experts that are willing to help. But yesterday also showed that if everyone just blurts out problems and answers in a unstructured way, few people learn anything. We've got over 1000 people here, with a wide spectrum of electronics knowledge fetching and replying to the list at different times and sometimes with uncertain server delays. In order to learn, each person must try to figure out the answer themselves, then look at other attempts of the official answer. But that's hard as there are multiple "students" at different abilities and only one gets to answer the question first. So here is what I'm suggesting: Anyone that feels they have a appropriate problem post it as a new topic (without "Re: " in the subject line) with a subject of the form "[EE]: Circuit problem ", as I did with this message. Actually can be anything unique enough to you to give yourself your own namespace for the part. Anyone can then comment at any time as a reply. Someone wanting to do the problem can easily distinguish the original problem from later discussion about it just from the subject line, and can skip over such replies until they've had a chance to figure out the problem themselves. Then they can go back and look at all the discussion and compare that to their own thought process, make their own comments, etc. Lindy Mayfield wrote: > I'm ignoring others explanations for now until I untangle that section > you suggested. OK, so what have you figured out so far? First look at R2 and D3, and forget about C2 for the moment. Once that makes sense, try to figure out what Q1 is doing. That will be a little more challenging. ******************************************************************** Embed Inc, Littleton Massachusetts, http://www.embedinc.com/products (978) 742-9014. Gold level PIC consultants since 2000. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist