On Jan 28, 2007, at 5:00 AM, Vasile Surducan wrote: > You have an advantage being programmer (the advantage is your logic, > assuming all programmers have good logic) but usually software > programmers have serious leackage in basic of electronics and they > start without having the smallest ideea about how really a transistor > works. > heh. You may be trying to understand too much. The details of how a transistor operates are no more important to understanding the average electronics circuit than the the details of horizontal vs vertical microcode or red/black trees vs radius trees in the average piece of software. When I got my EE degree, we spent a long time learning calculus, and physics, and then applying that to components and semiconductors, only to spend our final year working with simplifications like phasors, ideal op-amps, and digital gates. I don't think "real" EEs deal very much with individual components; it's more like "this segment is a low-pass filter, and this is a comment emitter amplifier, and this over here is an analog integrator, but this transistor is just a switch..." There are more complicated circuits, of course, just as there are programs that are on the edge of research in computer science, but I don't think they come up as often as you might think. BillW -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist