At 01:25 PM 3/30/2006 +0100, you wrote: >Could you scan a typical page and write a small program to calculate >(number of black pixels) / total? It would be quite easy to do this in VB etc. ;-) That was my first thought. Another idea might be scan one of *your* typical pages and use an image manipulation program to do a Gaussian blur. Either blur it completely or blur it enough that your Monte Carlo methods work easily. You could calibrate it by creating, printing and blurring a few patterns that are 5%/10%/25% etc. black. You'd want to scan it (converting if necessary) to a 0/1 bitmap first, then convert to gray scale. Programs like Photoshop (and I think Irfanview) have an eyedropper that samples the RGB values at any given point. It would be interesting to hear the results-- I've wondered about the '5%' figure they typically use (also note that sometimes these things are supplied with 'starter' cartridges that are not full, so your time to first cartridge replacement is not as you'd expect. I know that with color brochures the 5% figure is probably way low and color toner cartridges are $$$ each times four. At least they don't dry out like #$#$# inkjets. Best regards, Spehro Pefhany --"it's the network..." "The Journey is the reward" speff@interlog.com Info for manufacturers: http://www.trexon.com Embedded software/hardware/analog Info for designers: http://www.speff.com ->> Inexpensive test equipment & parts http://search.ebay.com/_W0QQsassZspeff -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist