> > The lowest spikes I measured with the NPN-transistor switching the relay, > especially when I put 330pF between base and ground (22 Volts spike). Slowing down the turn-off will do that, at the expense of heating the transistor some while it's in the linear region. I had a similar problem on an SMPS once, 60V transistor was showing 58V spikes, but the factory told me the transistors were tested to 70V.. Turned out that when I put a 1000V mosfet in there, the spikes were about 200V! The original transistor was getting into avalanche far faster than the scope could see. Lesson learned, make a check with a very high voltage part! Solved that one by combination of light snubber network and slightly slowing the turn-off time. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist