>> Or 27 resistors going to a single pin held at 2.5v (using an op amp). >> Ah. So THAT'S what an LCD driver actually does in a micro! Lets the third state of pins float at a different voltage. From looking at the external schematics of such things, it was clear that they were getting a different voltage level, but I never quite connected that with THREE possible output voltages... BillW -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist