> Use a more tolerant crystal, a crystal with lower Rs, lower the > Vdd, add a series resistor, lower the load capacitor values. > All have side effects (the last three will prevent the oscillator from > starting if taken to extremes). I agree with the resonator, but for the applications that require the accuracy of a crystal, what would be the practical solution? Of the things you mention only the series resistor seems practical to me (the average tinkerer will more likely stock a suitable range of resistors than a suitable range of capacitors, and you can't lower the capacitors below the PCB and other stray capacitance). So what would be a practical value for a series resistor? Wouter van Ooijen -- ------------------------------------------- Van Ooijen Technische Informatica: www.voti.nl consultancy, development, PICmicro products docent Hogeschool van Utrecht: www.voti.nl/hvu -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist