> The solution is easy and only costs two extra resistors. Put the > existing > resistor in series with the input transistor collector, not emitter. > Then > add a base resistor for the input transistor. Olin and Russell see eye to eye for a change :-). And I like Bob's circuit as an example of minimal complexity when you can adjust conditions to make it work. RM -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist