On Thu, 12 May 2005, Padu wrote: > Out of curiosity... if you have a PID, wouldn't you have three constants > (Kp, Ki, Kd)? When you do PID in assembly and a 24 bit floating point math code just so happens not to be handy or affordable space and time-wise, then it is extremely useful to constrain Kp, Ki and Kd to fractions of small numbers (preferrably binary numbers). 3/4 is easily done in assembly, and so are most other numbers that end in 0.25 and whose integer parts are divisible by 2. 0.7886544 is slightly harder so most people avoid such multipliers. Peter -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist