>Why does pc com port use RS232, is there a standard that requires this. Yes, the RS232 standard. This is a standard originally set up for computer equipment to talk to modem equipment, and has become the defacto voltage interface specification for serial interfaces that connect outside computer cabinets. There are other standards, but this is the generally the commonest. >On the other hand, why do the pics use uart without rs232, is this >a pic problem which will make it more complex to connect to pc? So does the UART inside a PC. There are other chips that do the conversion to RS232 voltage levels, just like using a MAX232 with a PIC. -- http://www.piclist.com PIC/SX FAQ & list archive View/change your membership options at http://mailman.mit.edu/mailman/listinfo/piclist