> You can use a 556 or a quad opamp. > Google works for this, really. I'm aware of Google :-) And the 324, which is what I'm using in my actually working circuit that I mentioned, is a quad op amp - horrible results - but could be good enough. As I noted, I'm aware of 555, 556 and similar. The issue is turning them into a working solution at fair price. Linearity tends to suffer where you are using exponential cap charge - but may be OK. Getting a full 0%-100% PWM range is often more challenging. I can play with them myself (and yet may) - i was interested in seeing if anyone popped up with a working superior solution rather than just the skeleton ideas. So far the LPC901 seems the most promising processor based solution. I like my 4060/339 idea for a non-processor alternative 0 the digital ramp would overcome the cheap opamp setup problems. Russell McMahon -- http://www.piclist.com hint: To leave the PICList mailto:piclist-unsubscribe-request@mitvma.mit.edu